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GRE填空真题详细讲解:1990年4月         ★★★ 【字体:
GRE填空真题详细讲解:1990年4月
作者:佚名    文章来源:乐学    点击数:    更新时间:2006-6-19

第一部分
1、Even though formidable winters are the norm in the Dakotas,
many people were unprepared for the ------- of the blizzard of 1888.

inevitability
ferocity
importance
probability
mildness

————————————————————————
答案:(B)

formidable: a.可怕的,令个畏惧的
norm: n.标准,规范
blizzard: n.暴风雨,大风雪
inevitability: n.无可规避,注定发生
ferocity: n.凶恶,凶猛,残忍,猛烈,强烈
 
尽管可怕的冬季在达科化州司空见惯,但人们对1888年那场暴风雪的凶猛程度却始料不及。

2、As the first streamlined car, the Airflow represented
a ------- in automotive development, and although its
sales were -------, it had an immense influence on
automobile design.

milestone.. disappointing
breakthrough.. significant
regression.. unimportant
misjudgment.. calculable
revolution.. tolerable

————————————————————————
答案:(A)

streamline: v.1、使成为流线型 2、使现代化,使合理化 精简(机构),提高效率
automotive: a.1、汽车的确良 2、自动推进的
milestone: n.1、里程碑(标) 2、(喻)里程碑,(历史的)重大事件
breakthrough: n.1、《军》突围,突破性 2、(物价的)暴涨,(价值的)骤增
3、(科技的)重大成就,突破性进展
regression: n.后退,倒退,退化
 
作为第一辆流线型汽车,Airflow代表着洫发展过程中的一座里程碑。尽管其销售令人失望但它对汽车的设计却产生了巨大的影响。

3、While nurturing parents can compensate for adversity,
cold or inconsistent parents may ------ it.

exacerbate
neutralize
eradicate
ameliorate
relieve

————————————————————————
答案:(A)

nurture: v.养育,培育,教养
compensate for: v.弥补,补偿,抵消
adversity: n.1、厄运,逆境,困境 2、痛苦,不幸,灾难
exacerbate: v.1、使加深(剧),使恶化 2、激怒,使苦恼
 
neutralize: v.使成为无效,抵消,使中立化
eradicate: v.根除,杜绝
ameliorate: v.改善,使变好
relieve: v.减轻,缓解,舒缓
 
虽然善于培养子女的父母能对厄运与不幸有所补偿,但冷漠和言行不一的父母则有可能使之加剧恶化

4、The architects of New York’s early skyscrapers, hinting
here at a twelfth-century cathedral, there at a fifteenth-
century palace, sought to legitimize the city’s social
strivings by ----- a history the city did not truly -----.

revealing.. deserve
displaying.. desire
evoking.. possess
preserving.. experience
flouting.. believe

————————————————————————
答案:(C)

skyscaper: n.摩天大楼
hint(at): v.暗示,示意
cathedral: n.大教堂
legitimize: v.1、使合法 2、证明...为有理(或正当)
social strivings: n.社会追求
evoke: v.唤起,使人联想起
flout: v.藐视,蔑视,嘲讽
 
纽约的早期摩天大楼的建筑师们,这儿暗示某座十二世纪的大教堂,那儿暗示一处十五世纪的宫殿,竭力通过使人隐约联想起某种这座城市并不真正拥有的历史,试图使该城市的社会奋斗得以显得顺理成章

5、Actual events in the history of life on Earth are
accidental in that any outcome embodies just one -----
among millions; yet each outcome can be ----- interpreted.

coincidence.. randomly
relationship.. predictably
fact.. readily
happening.. uniquely
possibility.. rationally

————————————————————————
答案:(E)

Although some of her fellow scientists ------- the
unorthodox laboratory methodology that others found
innovative, unanimous praise greeted her experimental
results: at once pioneering and -------.

ignored.. untrustworthy
complimented.. foreseeable
welcomed.. mundane
decried.. unexceptionable
attacked.. inconclusive

————————————————————————
答案:(D)

unorthodox: a.非正统的,异端的,叛经离道的
methodology: n.1、(科学的)一套方法 2、方法论,方法学龄前 3、教学法
unanimous: a.全体一致的,无异议的
at once...and...: conj.既...又...,不仅...而且...
pioneering: a.1、拓荒者的,开拓者的 2、先驱的,开拓性的,拓荒时期的
compliment: v.称赞,恭维,祝贺
foreseeable: a.可预见到的
mundane: a.1、尘世的,世俗的确良 2、单调的,平凡的
decry: v.1、反对,遣责 2、诋毁
unexceptionable: a.无懈可击的,无可指谪的,完美无缺的(exception 作名词时意为
“反对,异议”,如take exception to,对...表示异议)
 
尽管她的某些科学家同僚们极力底毁那套在别人看来不乏创新意义的非正统实验方法论,但是,人们对她的实验结果即报以普遍的赞誉,既不乏开拓性,又无懈可击。

6、Early critics of Emily Dickinson’s poetry mistook for
simplemindedness the surface of artlessness that in fact
she constructed with such -------.

astonishment
vexation
allusion
innocence
cunning

————————————————————————
答案:(E)

Emily Dickinson: n.迪更生(1830-1886,美国女诗人,美国现代诗先驱者之一)
mistake...for...: v.把...误认为...
simplemindedness: n.1、纯朴,天真无邪 2、头脑简单,无知,愚蠢3、智能低下  
artlessness: n.单纯,天真,不谙世故,不诡计
astonishment: n.1、惊讶,惊愕 2、令人惊讶的事物
vexation: n.烦恼,伤脑筋,
allusion: n.1、暗指,间接提到 2、引用典故,典故
cunning: n.1、诡诈,狡猾 2、灵巧,熟练,精巧,巧妙制作
 
埃米莉。迪更生诗歌的早期评论家们将其表面的单纯误解为头脑简单,而事实上,她对这种单纯表面的营造却是煞费心机。

第二部分
1、This project is the first step in a long-range plan of
research whose ------ goal, still many years off, is the
creation of a new prototype.

 cooperative
 reasoned
 original
 ultimate
 intentional

————————————————————————
答案:(D)

long-range: a.1、长远的,未来的,长期的 2、远程的
prototype: n.1、原型,样本 2、模范,典型
reasoned: a.1、经缜密推断分析的,详尽论述的
ultimate: a.最后的,最终的
 
该项目是某一长期研究计划的第一步,其终极目标--尚有多年之遥--旨在创立一种全新的原型

2、Eric was frustrated because, although he was adept at
making lies sound -----, when telling the truth, he -----
the power to make himself believed.

 plausible.. lacked
 convincing.. held
 honest.. found
 true.. acquired
 logical.. claimed

————————————————————————
答案:(A)

frustrate: v.使灰心,使恼怒而不知所措
be adept at: v.熟练于,擅长于
plausible: a.貌似有理(或真实)的
 
埃里克倍感气恼,因为虽然他擅长于使谎言听起来貌似真实可信,但当他说实话时,他却缺乏能力使自己为他人所相信。

3、In certain forms of discourse such as the parable, the
central point of a message can be effectively communicated
even though this point is not -------.

 preferred
 explicit
 inferable
 discerned
 illustrated

————————————————————————
答案:(B)

discourse: n.1、论文 2、演讲 3、谈话 4、(语言学)语段
parable: n.1、道德小故事,(说教性)寓言 2、谜一般的格言,隐晦的比较
message: n.(作品的)启示,教训,寓意,中心思想
communicate: v.1、传达,传播 2、传染 3、显露
explictit: a.详述的,明确(晰)的,显然可见的,直言的,坦率的
inferable: a.可推论(定)的
discern: v.1、看出,觉察出 2、认识,了解 3、识别,区别,认出 4、辨明,分清
illustrate: v.1、说明,阐明,显示 2、给...作插图说明 3、启发,启迪 4、照明
 
在某些诸如寓言一类的文体中,某一主题的要旨即使不是显而易见的,也能有效地传达给读者。

4、Always circumspect, she was reluctant to make judgments,
but once arriving at a conclusion, she was ------ in its
defense.

 nonplussed
 obsequious
 intransigent
 deferential
 negligent

————————————————————————
答案:(C)

circumspect: a.谨慎小心的,慎重的
nonplus: v.使迷惑,使为难,使狼狈
obsequious: a. 躬屈膝,拍马奉承的
intransigent: a.不妥协的,不让步的,不调和的
deferential: a.恭敬的,惯于顺从的
negligent: a. 忽的,粗心大意的
 
由于一贯谨小慎微的,她不愿轻易作出判断,但一旦达成结论,便会不遗余力地予以辩护,毫不妥协

5、The techniques now available to livestock breeders will
continue to be ------, but will probably be ----- by new
ones under development.

fruitful.. reversed
refined.. upgraded
inconvenient.. reassessed
used.. supplemented
harmless.. improved

————————————————————————
答案:(D)

available: a.1、在手边的,现成可使用的,可利用的 2、可获得的
 3、可取得联系的,可接见的
livestock: n.家畜,牲畜
breeder: n.1、饲养动物的人 2、产仔的动物,繁殖的植物 3、来源,起因
under development: n.在研制开发阶段中的
reverse: v.使反向,使倒转,逆转,颠倒
 
refine: v.1、提炼,精炼,精制 2、提去,炼去,减小 3、净化,使...升华
upgrade: v.1、使升级,提高 2、改良品种,提高质量
supplement: v.1、增补,补充 2、补遗,附录,增刊 3、补给
 
现在能为牲畜饲养者所获得的技术将会继续得到使用,但很有可能会被正在研制中的新技术所补充。

6、Any population increase beyond a certain level necessi-
tates greater ------- vegetable foods; thus, the ability
of a society to choose meat over cereals always arises,
in part, from ------ the number of people.

reliance on.. replenishing
production of.. estimating
spending on.. concealing
recourse to.. limiting
attention to.. varying

————————————————————————
答案:(D)

necessitate: v.使成为必需,需要
choose...over...: v.选择...而不选择...
cereal: n.谷类植物(或食物)
replenish: v.把...再备足,补充
recourse(to): n.依靠(赖),求助
 
任何人口增长超过了某一限度,必然会导致更大程度上对素食的依赖;因此,任何一个社会若能将在选择食物时偏重肉类食物而偏废谷类食物,则这种能力总在某种程度上取决于人口数量的限制。

7、Ethologists are convinced that many animals survive
through learning-but learning that is ----- their genetic
programming, learning as thoroughly ------- as the most
instinctive of behavioral responses.

superseded by.. primitive
compatible with.. transient
complementary to.. familiar
derived from.. inventive
dictated by.. stereotyped

————————————————————————
答案:(E)

ethology: n.1、(性格)形成学,道德体系学 2、(动物)个体生态学,行为学
programming: n.程序编制
instinctive: a.本能的,天性的,直觉的
supersede: v.取代,替代
 
compatible: a.能和睦相处的,合得来的,协调的 2、亲和的 3、可异花受精的
transient: a.1、短暂的,转瞬即逝的,无常的 2、临时的,路过的
complementary: a.1、补充的,补足的,互为补充的,相配的 2、互补的
derive from: v.缘起于,导源于
dictate: v.规定,支配,命令
stereotyped:1、已成陈规的,刻板的 2、固定不变的,定型的
 
动物行为学家深信,许多动物通过学习得以生存下来,但是,这种学习行为取决于其遗传程序,犹如最为本能的行为反应那样,显得彻底的机械刻板。

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